New South Wales 80 Years Ago

Australian_Iron_and_Steel,_Port_Kembla-_26th_November_1937_(18894130203)Aerial view of Australian Iron and Steel factory in Port Kembla

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This aerial photograph, dated the 26th of November, 1937, shows the industrial region of Port Kembla, in New South Wales, Australia. The Australian Iron and Steel factory (opened 1928) can be seen.

Today, Port Kembla is part of the coastal city of Wollongong.

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On this day: A Kamikaze Attack

The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Essex (CV-9) is hit on the flight deck amidships by a Japanese Kamikaze, during operations off the Philippines, 25 November 1944.

25th November 1944: This photograph captures the image a kamikaze hit the American USS Essex in the Second Wold War. Fifteen people were killed and fourteen injured.

Yokosuka D4Y3 (Type 33) Judy in a suicide dive against the USS Essex (CV-9), 1256 hours, November 25, 1944. Flaps are extended, the burning non-self-sealing port wing tank of the Yokosuk

An image of the Japanese plane on its suicide attack was also captured.

The Essex survived the attack and was repaired enough to be put back into service by December. The ship went on to be used in three tours during the Korean War.

On this day: Ireland legalises divorce

Anti-divorce protest in Ireland By the time Ireland voted on divorce in 1995, it was the only country in Europe where divorce was banned.

On the 24th of November, 1995, Ireland became the last country in Europe to legalise divorce. This occurred because of a referendum to change the constitution – not the first attempt to achieve this.

Ireland 1986. Anti-divorce posters at the Father Mathew Hall on polling day for the Divorce Referendum on 26 June.

Opposition in the failed 1986 referendum. X

Divorce had been specifically forbidden in the 1937 Irish constitution. A heavily Catholic country, there was very strong opposition to the legal breakup of a marriage, just as there was when it came to the legalisation of contraception, which was only made available in the 1980s.

Irish campaign against the Divorce Referendum.

The success of the 1995 referendum was a close thing; the results were just over 50% in favour and 49.79% opposed.

On this day: April Fool was released

The film April Fool was released in the United States on the 21st of November, 1920. The image below of Northern Irish actress Thelma Percy (younger sister of Eileen Percy), one of the stars, appeared in the Exhibitors Herald the day before.

Only a fragment of the film – a gag featuring a wallet – is known to have survived.

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April_Fool_(1920)_-_1Still from the American comedy short film April Fool (1920) with Thelma Percy held up by two unidentified actresses, on page 36 of the November 20, 1920 Exhibitors H

On this day: the birth of a photography pioneer

Louis_Daguerre_2 Portrait of Louis Daguerre (1787-1851) Father of Photography in 1844

Daguerre in 1844

Photography pioneer Louis Daguerre was born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, Val-d’Oise, France on the 18th of November, 1797. He became known as a father of photography after inventing the daguerreotype photography process.

Daguerreotype_Daguerre_Atelier_1837Still life with plaster casts, made by Daguerre in 1837, the earliest reliably dated daguerreotype photograph.

Daguerre’s 1837 photograph recreating a still life is the earliest daguerreotype with a reliable date.

Boulevard du Temple, Paris, c. 1838. Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre

Above is Daguerre’s circa 1838 image of Paris. It is the first known candid photograph of a person. A man having his boots polished stood still long enough to be captured.

Also a painter and the inventor of the diorama theatre, Daguerre died in Paris in July of 1851, at the age of sixty-three.

Australian “Soldiers”

Boys and girls dressed as soldiers, with slouch hats and toy rifles, at Irvinebank, Queensland, Australia around 1917. First World War.

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This image of boys and girls dressed as Australian soldiers was taken in the small far-north Queensland town of Irvinebank around 1917.

Henry Dalziel, a recipient of the Victoria Cross after World War One, was born in the town in 1893.

Australia began preparations for the war even before Britain officially joined the conflict in 1914. So closely tied to Britain, and still part of the Empire, Australia was part of the conflict until its conclusion on the 11th of November, 1918.